Warm protons at geosynchronous orbit

Bulk plasma properties at geosynchronous orbit

[1] We present a comprehensive study of plasma properties at geosynchronous orbit for electron and ion energies between 1 eV and 45 keV, between 1990 and 2001. The variations of temperature and density are analyzed as functions of local time, magnetospheric convection strength, and the strength of the ring current. Various parameters derived from temperature and density are calculated to elucid...

A Role for Improved Angular Observations in Geosynchronous Orbit Determination

Experiments In Charge Control at Geosynchronous Orbit - ATS-5 and ATS-6

INTRODUCTION Nonzero spacecraft potentials have been noted since the beginning of satellite flights. Large negative potentials (hundreds to thousands of volts) were first observed on Applied Technology Satellite 5 (ATS-5) in eclipse. These were explained as the natural result of a balance of the ambient electron and ion currents with associated secondary electron currents. In sunlight, photoemi...

Superposed epoch analysis of a whistler instability criterion at geosynchronous orbit during geomagnetic storms

accelerating relativistic outer-belt electrons in the aftermath of geomagnetic storms. Using measurements from the Los Alamos Magnetospheric Plasma Analyzers in geosynchronous orbit, we perform a superposed-epoch study of the storm-time behavior of the inferred plasma-sheet whistler growth parameter. Separate analyses are done for storms that result in strong relativistic electron enhancements ...

Quantitative forecast of relativistic electron flux at geosynchronous orbit based on low-energy electron flux

[1] A strong correlation between the behavior of low-energy (tens to hundreds of keV) and high-energy (>1 MeV) electron fluxes measured at geosynchronous orbit has been discussed, and this correlation is further enhanced when a time offset is taken into account. A model has been developed incorporating this delay time between similar features in lowand high-energy electron fluxes to forecast th...